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John Balliol

M, #22501, b. about 1249, d. 25 November 1314

Biography

  • John Balliol was born about 1249.
  • He died on 25 November 1314 in Tilloy-Floriville, Picardie, France.
  • John Balliol was also known as John, I of Scotland.
  • John Balliol (c. 1249 – late 1314), known derisively as Toom Tabard (meaning "empty coat" – coat of arms), was King of Scots from 1292 to 1296. Little is known of his early life. After the death of Margaret, Maid of Norway, Scotland entered an interregnum during which several competitors for the Crown of Scotland put forward claims. Balliol was chosen from among them as the new King of Scotland by a group of selected noblemen headed by King Edward I of England.
    Edward used his influence over the process to subjugate Scotland and undermined Balliol's personal reign by treating Scotland as a vassal of England. Edward's influence in Scottish affairs tainted Balliol's reign and the Scottish nobility deposed him and appointed a Council of Twelve to rule instead. This council signed a treaty with France known as the Auld Alliance.
    In retaliation, Edward invaded Scotland, starting the Wars of Scottish Independence. After a Scottish defeat in 1296, Balliol abdicated and was imprisoned in the Tower of London. Eventually, Balliol was sent to his estates in France and retired into obscurity, taking no more part in politics. Scotland was then left without a monarch until the accession of Robert the Bruce in 1306. John Balliol's son Edward Balliol would later exert a claim to the Scottish throne against the Bruce claim during the.
  • He held the title of King of the Scots between 17 November 1292 and 10 July 1296.
  • He was christened in 1314.
  • He is/was my 3rd cousin 22x removed

Family: Isabel de Warenne (b. 1234, d. 23 October 1295)

Parents

  • Last Edited: 10 December 2021

John de Baliol, I, 5th Baron of Bywell

M, #22502, b. about 1208, d. 25 October 1268

Biography

  • John de Baliol, I, 5th Baron of Bywell, was born about 1208 in Gainford, Durham, England.
  • He and Devorguilla FitzAlan, of Galloway, were married in 1233 in Galloway, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland.
  • He died on 25 October 1268 in Gainford, Durham, England.
  • He was buried in Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland.
  • John de Baliol, I, 5th Baron of Bywell, was christened in 1212 in Durham, England.
  • He is/was my spouse of 2nd cousin 23x removed

Family: Devorguilla FitzAlan, of Galloway, (b. 1218, d. 28 January 1290)

Parents

  • Last Edited: 30 October 2021

Devorguilla FitzAlan, of Galloway

F, #22503, b. 1218, d. 28 January 1290

Biography

  • Devorguilla FitzAlan, of Galloway, was born in 1218 in Galloway, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland.
  • John de Baliol, I, 5th Baron of Bywell, and she were married in 1233 in Galloway, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland.
  • She died on 28 January 1290 at age ~72 in Durham, England.
  • She was buried on 31 January 1290 in Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland.
  • Dervorguilla was one of the three daughters and heiresses of the Gaelic prince Alan, Lord of Galloway. She was born to Alan's second wife Margaret of Huntingdon, who was the eldest daughter of David of Scotland, 8th Earl of Huntingdon and Matilda (or Maud) of Chester. David in turn was the youngest brother to two Kings of Scotland, Malcolm IV and William the Lion. Thus, through her mother, Dervorguilla was descended from the Kings of Scotland, including David I.
    Dervorguilla's father died in 1234 without a legitimate son (he had an illegitimate son Thomas). According to both Anglo-Norman feudal laws and to ancient Gaelic customs, Dervorguilla was one of his heiresses, her two sisters Helen and Christina being older and therefore senior. This might be considered an unusual practice in England, but it was more common in Scotland and in Western feudal tradition. Because of this, Dervorguilla bequeathed lands in Galloway to her descendants, the Baliol and the Comyns. Dervorguilla's son John of Scotland was briefly a King of Scots too, known as Toom Tabard (Scots: 'puppet king' literally "empty coat").
    The Balliol family into which Devorguilla married was based at Barnard Castle in County Durham, England. Although the date of her birth is uncertain, her apparent age of 13 was by no means unusually early for betrothal and marriage at the time.
    In 1263, her husband Sir John was required to make penance after a land dispute with Walter Kirkham, Bishop of Durham. Part of this took the very expensive form of founding a College for the poor at the University of Oxford. Sir John's own finances were less substantial than those of his wife, however, and long after his death it fell to Devorguilla to confirm the foundation, with the blessing of the same Bishop as well as the University hierarchy. She established a permanent endowment for the College in 1282, as well as its first formal Statutes. The college still retains the name Balliol College, where the history students' society is called the Devorguilla society and an annual seminar series featuring women in academia is called the Dervorguilla Seminar Series. While a Requiem Mass in Latin was sung at Balliol for the 700th anniversary of her death, it is believed that this was sung as a one-off, rather than having been marked in previous centuries.
    Devorguilla founded a Cistercian Abbey 7 miles south of Dumfries in South West Scotland, in April 1273. It still stands as a picturesque ruin of red sandstone.

    When Sir John died in 1269, his widow, Dervorguilla, had his heart embalmed and kept in a casket of ivory bound with silver. The casket travelled with her for the rest of her life. In 1274–5 John de Folkesworth arraigned an assize of novel disseisin against Devorguilla and others touching a tenement in Stibbington, Northamptonshire. In 1275–6 Robert de Ferrers arraigned an assize of mort d'ancestor against her touching a messuage in Repton, Derbyshire. In 1280 Sir John de Balliol's executors, including his widow, Devorguilla, sued Alan Fitz Count regarding a debt of £100 claimed by the executors from Alan. In 1280 she was granted letters of attorney to Thomas de Hunsingore and another in England, she staying in Galloway. The same year Devorguilla, Margaret de Ferrers, Countess of Derby, Ellen, widow of Alan la Zouche, and Alexander Comyn, Earl of Buchan, and Elizabeth his wife sued Roger de Clifford and Isabel his wife and Roger de Leybourne and Idoine his wife regarding the manors of Wyntone, King’s Meaburn, Appleby, and Brough-under-Stainmore, and a moiety of the manor of Kyrkby-Stephan, all in Westmorland. The same year Devorguilla sued John de Veer for a debt of £24. In 1280–1 Laurence Duket arraigned an assize of novel disseisin again Devorguilla and others touching a hedge destroyed in Cotingham, Middlesex. In 1288 she reached agreement with John, Abbot of Ramsey, regarding a fishery in Ellington.

    In her last years, the main line of the royal House of Scotland was threatened by a lack of male heirs, and Devorguilla, who died just before the young heiress Margaret, the Maid of Norway, might, if she had outlived her, have been one of the claimants to her throne. Devorguilla was buried beside her husband at New Abbey, which was christened 'Sweetheart Abbey', the name which it retains to this day. The depredations suffered by the Abbey in subsequent periods have caused both graves to be lost.
    Owing to the deaths of her elder three sons, all of whom were childless, Dervorguilla's fourth and youngest surviving son John of Scotland asserted a claim to the crown in 1290 when queen Margaret died. He won in arbitration against the rival Robert Bruce, 5th Lord of Annandale in 1292, and subsequently was king of Scotland for four years (1292–96).
  • Devorguilla FitzAlan, of Galloway, held the title of Countess of Huntingdon.
  • She is/was my 2nd cousin 23x removed

Family: John de Baliol, I, 5th Baron of Bywell, (b. about 1208, d. 25 October 1268)

Parents

  • Last Edited: 30 October 2021

Isabel de Warenne

F, #22504, b. 1234, d. 23 October 1295

Biography

  • Isabel de Warenne was born in 1234.
  • She died on 23 October 1295 at age ~61.
  • Isabel de Warenne is/was my spouse of 3rd cousin 22x removed

Family: John Balliol (b. about 1249, d. 25 November 1314)

  • Last Edited: 10 December 2021

Agnes Maud Balliol

F, #22505, b. about 1282

Biography

  • Agnes Maud Balliol was born about 1282.
  • Agnes Maud Balliol is/was my 4th cousin 21x removed

Parents

  • Last Edited: 30 October 2021

Henry Balliol, Prince of Scotland

M, #22506, b. about 1285, d. 16 December 1332

Biography

  • Henry Balliol, Prince of Scotland, was born about 1285 in Gainford, Durham, England.
  • He died on 16 December 1332 in Annan, Dumfriesshire, Scotland.
  • He was buried in December 1332 in Annadale, Dumfriesshire, Scotland.
  • Henry Balliol, Prince of Scotland, is/was my 4th cousin 21x removed

Parents

  • Last Edited: 30 October 2021

Edward Balliol

M, #22507, b. 1282, d. May 1367

Biography

  • Edward Balliol was born in 1282 in Cavers, Roxburghshire, Scotland.
  • He died in May 1367 at age ~85 at Wheatley in Doncaster, Yorkshire, England.
  • He was buried in Doncaster, Yorkshire, England.
  • Edward Balliol held the title of King of Scotland (Claiment) from 24 September 1332 to 20 January 1356.
  • He is/was my 4th cousin 21x removed

Parents

  • Last Edited: 12 December 2021

Jean de Balliol

M, #22508, b. 1280

Biography

  • Jean de Balliol was born in 1280 in France.
  • Jean de Balliol is/was my 4th cousin 21x removed

Parents

  • Last Edited: 30 October 2021

Hugh de Balliol, of Barnard Castle, Lord of Bywell

M, #22509, b. about 1180, d. 10 April 1271

Biography

  • Hugh de Balliol, of Barnard Castle, Lord of Bywell, was born about 1180 in Durham, England.
  • He died on 10 April 1271 in Durham, England.

Family: Cécile de Fontaines (b. 1180, d. about 2 February 1227)

  • Last Edited: 30 October 2021

Cécile de Fontaines

F, #22510, b. 1180, d. about 2 February 1227

Biography

  • Cécile de Fontaines was born in 1180 in Aberdeen, Aberdeenshire, Scotland.
  • She died about 2 February 1227 in Durham, England.

Family: Hugh de Balliol, of Barnard Castle, Lord of Bywell, (b. about 1180, d. 10 April 1271)

  • Last Edited: 30 October 2021

Margaret of Huntington

F, #22511, b. 1194, d. 6 January 1233

Biography

  • Margaret of Huntington was born in 1194 in Huntingdon, Huntingdonshire, England.
  • She died on 6 January 1233 at age ~39 in Huntingdon, Huntingdonshire, England.
  • Margaret of Huntington is/was my 1st cousin 24x removed

Family: Alan Fitz Roland, De Galloway, (b. 1186, d. 25 April 1234)

Parents

  • Last Edited: 30 October 2021

Alan Fitz Roland, De Galloway

M, #22512, b. 1186, d. 25 April 1234

Biography

  • Alan Fitz Roland, De Galloway, was born in 1186 in Wigtown, Scotland.
  • He died on 25 April 1234 at age ~48 in Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland.
  • He was buried in February 1234 in Dundrennan, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland.
  • Alan Fitz Roland, De Galloway, is/was my spouse of 1st cousin 24x removed

Family: Margaret of Huntington (b. 1194, d. 6 January 1233)

  • Last Edited: 30 October 2021

Maud of Chester

F, #22513, b. from 26 August 1150 to 1171, d. 6 January 1233

Biography

  • Maud of Chester was born from 26 August 1150 to 1171 in Cheshire, England.
  • David of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon, and she were married on 26 August 1190 in Peterborough, Northamptonshire, England.
  • She died on 6 January 1233 in Sawtry, Huntingdonshire, England.
  • She was buried after 6 January 1233 in Sawtry, Huntingdonshire, England.
  • Maud of Chester is/was my spouse of 23rd great-granduncle

Family: David of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon, (b. 17 June 1152, d. 17 June 1219)

  • Last Edited: 30 October 2021

Robert de Brus

M, #22515, b. 11 July 1274, d. 7 June 1329

Biography

  • Robert de Brus was born on 11 July 1274.
  • He and Isabella of Mar, Countess of Carrick, were married in 1295 in Scotland.
  • He and Elizabeth de Burgh were married in 1302 in Writtle, Essex, England.
  • He died on 7 June 1329 at age 54 at Manor of Cardross in Dunbartonshire, Scotland.
  • He was buried after 7 June 1329 at Dunfermline Abbey in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland.
  • Robert de Brus was also known as Robert the Bruce.
  • He was also known as Robert, I of Scotland.
  • Robert I (11 July 1274 – 7 June 1329), popularly known as Robert the Bruce (Medieval Gaelic: Roibert a Briuis; Modern Scottish Gaelic: Raibeart Brus; Norman French: Robert de Brus or Robert de Bruys; Early Scots: Robert Brus; Latin: Robertus Brussius), was King of Scots from 1306 to his death in 1329. Robert was one of the most famous warriors of his generation and eventually led the Kingdom of Scotland during the First War of Scottish Independence against England. He fought successfully during his reign to regain Scotland's place as an independent country and is now revered in Scotland as a national hero.
    Through both his mother and father, he was a fourth great-grandson of King David I. Robert's grandfather, Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale, was one of the claimants to the Scottish throne during the "Great Cause". As Earl of Carrick, Robert the Bruce supported his family's claim to the Scottish throne and took part in William Wallace's revolt against Edward I of England. Appointed in 1298 as a Guardian of Scotland alongside his chief rival for the throne, John Comyn of Badenoch, and William Lamberton, Bishop of St Andrews, Robert resigned in 1300 because of his quarrels with Comyn and the apparently imminent restoration of John Balliol to the Scottish throne. After submitting to Edward I in 1302 and returning to "the king's peace", Robert inherited his family's claim to the Scottish throne upon his father's death.
    Bruce's involvement in John Comyn's murder in February 1306 led to him being excommunicated by Pope Clement V (although he received absolution from Robert Wishart, Bishop of Glasgow). Bruce moved quickly to seize the throne, and was crowned king of Scots on 25 March 1306. Edward I's forces defeated Robert in the battle of Methven, forcing him to flee into hiding before re-emerging in 1307 to defeat an English army at Loudoun Hill and wage a highly successful guerrilla war against the English. Bruce defeated his other opponents, destroying their strongholds and devastating their lands, and in 1309 held his first parliament. A series of military victories between 1310 and 1314 won him control of much of Scotland, and at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314, Robert defeated a much larger English army under Edward II of England, confirming the re-establishment of an independent Scottish kingdom. The battle marked a significant turning point, with Robert's armies now free to launch devastating raids throughout northern England, while also extending his war against the English to Ireland by sending an army to invade there and by appealing to the Irish to rise against Edward II's rule.
    Despite Bannockburn and the capture of the final English stronghold at Berwick in 1318, Edward II refused to renounce his claim to the overlordship of Scotland. In 1320, the Scottish nobility submitted the Declaration of Arbroath to Pope John XXII, declaring Robert as their rightful monarch and asserting Scotland's status as an independent kingdom. In 1324, the Pope recognised Robert I as king of an independent Scotland, and in 1326, the Franco-Scottish alliance was renewed in the Treaty of Corbeil. In 1327, the English deposed Edward II in favour of his son, Edward III, and peace was concluded between Scotland and England with the Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton in 1328, by which Edward III renounced all claims to sovereignty over Scotland.
    Robert died in June 1329. His body is buried in Dunfermline Abbey, while his heart was interred in Melrose Abbey and his internal organs embalmed and placed in St Serf's Chapel, Dumbarton, site of the medieval Cardross Parish church.
  • He held the title of.
  • David II (5 March 1324 – 22 February 1371) was King of Scotland for nearly 42 years, from 1329 until his death in 1371. He was the last male of the House of Bruce. Although David spent long periods in exile or captivity, he managed to ensure the survival of his kingdom and left the Scottish monarchy in a strong position.
  • He held the title of "Knighted" in 1290.
  • From 1298 to 1300 Robert de Brus was a Guardian of the Kingdom of Scotland (Regent.)
  • He held the title of King of Scots from 25 March 1306 to 7 June 1329.
  • He is/was my 4th cousin 21x removed
Robert the Bruce, coloured engraving by an unknown artist, 1797

Family 1: Isabella of Mar, Countess of Carrick, (b. about 1277, d. 12 December 1296)

Family 2: Elizabeth de Burgh (b. 1284, d. 26 October 1327)

Parents

  • Last Edited: 12 December 2021

Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale

M, #22516, b. 11 July 1243, d. 15 March 1304

Biography

  • Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale, was born on 11 July 1243 in Lockerbie, Dumfriesshire, Scotland.
  • He and Marjorie of Carrick were married 1271 or 1272 in Scotland.
  • He died on 15 March 1304 at age 60 at Holm Cultram Abbey in Abbeytown, Cumberland, England.
  • He was buried in April 1304 at Holm Cultram Abbey in Abbeytown, Cumberland, England.
  • Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale, held the title of 6th Lord of Annandale, Earl of Carrick, Lord of Hartness, Writtle and Hatfield Broad Oak.
  • Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale, was a Governor of Carlisle Castle, Sheriff of Cumberland.
  • He was christened on 6 November 1243 in Fetteresso, Kincardineshire, Scotland.
  • He is/was my 3rd cousin 22x removed

Family: Marjorie of Carrick (b. 11 April 1254, d. 27 October 1292)

Parents

  • Last Edited: 30 October 2021

Marjorie of Carrick

F, #22517, b. 11 April 1254, d. 27 October 1292

Biography

  • Marjorie of Carrick was born on 11 April 1254 in Carrick, Fife, Scotland.
  • Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale, and she were married 1271 or 1272 in Scotland.
  • She died on 27 October 1292 at age 38 in Carrick, Fife, Scotland.
  • She was buried on 9 November 1292 in Turnberry, Ayrshire, Scotland.
  • Marjorie of Carrick lived Turnberry Castle, ancestral seat of the Earls of Carrick from 1253 to 1292.
  • She is/was my spouse of 3rd cousin 22x removed

Family: Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale, (b. 11 July 1243, d. 15 March 1304)

Parents

  • Last Edited: 31 October 2021

Isabella of Mar, Countess of Carrick

F, #22518, b. about 1277, d. 12 December 1296

Biography

  • Isabella of Mar, Countess of Carrick, was born about 1277 in Marr, Aberdeenshire, Scotland.
  • Robert de Brus and she were married in 1295 in Scotland.
  • She died on 12 December 1296 in Cardross, Dunbartonshire, Scotland.
  • She was buried in 1296 in Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland.
  • Isabella of Mar, Countess of Carrick, is/was my spouse of 4th cousin 21x removed

Family: Robert de Brus (b. 11 July 1274, d. 7 June 1329)

  • Last Edited: 30 October 2021

Elizabeth de Burgh

F, #22519, b. 1284, d. 26 October 1327

Biography

  • Elizabeth de Burgh was born in 1284 in County Down, Ireland.
  • Robert de Brus and she were married in 1302 in Writtle, Essex, England.
  • She died on 26 October 1327 at age ~43 in Cullen, Banffshire, Scotland.
  • She was buried in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland.
  • David II (5 March 1324 – 22 February 1371) was King of Scotland for nearly 42 years, from 1329 until his death in 1371. He was the last male of the House of Bruce. Although David spent long periods in exile or captivity, he managed to ensure the survival of his kingdom and left the Scottish monarchy in a strong position.
  • Elizabeth de Burgh is/was my spouse of 4th cousin 21x removed

Family: Robert de Brus (b. 11 July 1274, d. 7 June 1329)

  • Last Edited: 30 October 2021

David, II of Scotland

M, #22520, b. 5 March 1324, d. 22 February 1371

Biography

  • David, II of Scotland, was born on 5 March 1324 in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland.
  • He and Joan of the Tower, Queen of Scotland, were married on 17 July 1328 in Berwick Upon Tweed, Northumberland, England.
  • He and Margaret Drummond, Queen of Scotland, were married on 20 February 1364 in Inchmurdach, Fife, Scotland.
  • He died on 22 February 1371 at age 46 in Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
  • He was buried in February 1371 in Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
  • David, II of Scotland, held the title of King of Scotland from 7 June 1329 to 22 February 137.
  • He is/was my 5th cousin 20x removed

Parents

  • Last Edited: 12 December 2021

Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale

M, #22521, b. 2 November 1210, d. 31 May 1295

Biography

  • Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale, was born on 2 November 1210 in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland.
  • He died on 31 May 1295 at age 84 at Priory in Lochmaben, Dumfriesshire, Scotland.
  • He was buried on 17 June 1295 in Guisborough, Yorkshire, England.
  • Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale, held the title of Fifth Lord of Annadale; Lord of Ireby.
  • He is/was my 2nd cousin 23x removed

Family: Isabella de Clare (b. 2 November 1226, d. 10 July 1264)

Parents

  • Last Edited: 30 October 2021

Isabella de Clare

F, #22522, b. 2 November 1226, d. 10 July 1264

Biography

  • Isabella de Clare was born on 2 November 1226 in Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England.
  • She died on 10 July 1264 at age 37 in Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland.
  • She was buried in 1264 in Guisborough, Yorkshire, England.
  • Isabella de Clare is/was my spouse of 2nd cousin 23x removed

Family: Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale, (b. 2 November 1210, d. 31 May 1295)

  • Last Edited: 30 October 2021

Robert V Bruce (de Brus)

M, #22523, b. 1173, d. 1251

Biography

  • Robert V Bruce (de Brus) was born in 1173 in Annadale, Dumfriesshire, Scotland.
  • He and Isobella (Isabel) le Scot, of Huntingdon, were married in 1209.
  • He died in 1251 at age ~78.
  • He was buried in Stilton, Huntingdonshire, England.
  • Robert V Bruce (de Brus) is/was my spouse of 1st cousin 24x removed

Family: Isobella (Isabel) le Scot, of Huntingdon, (b. 1192, d. 1252)

Parents

  • Last Edited: 30 October 2021

Isobella (Isabel) le Scot, of Huntingdon

F, #22524, b. 1192, d. 1252

Biography

  • Isobella (Isabel) le Scot, of Huntingdon, was born in 1192 in Huntingdon, Huntingdonshire, England.
  • Robert V Bruce (de Brus) and she were married in 1209.
  • She died in 1252 at age ~60.
  • She was buried in Huntingdonshire, England.
  • Isobella (Isabel) le Scot, of Huntingdon, is/was my 1st cousin 24x removed

Family: Robert V Bruce (de Brus) (b. 1173, d. 1251)

Parents

  • Last Edited: 30 October 2021

Baron William Bruce (de Brus), of Annadale

M, #22525, b. 1142, d. 1214

Biography

  • Baron William Bruce (de Brus), of Annadale, was born in 1142 in Annadale, Dumfriesshire, Scotland.
  • He died in 1214 at age ~72.

Family: Christina

  • Last Edited: 30 October 2021